Bringing preconditioning and postconditioning into focus.
نویسندگان
چکیده
After many years of debate during which the preponderance of opinion was skeptical about the experimental and clinical existence of reperfusion injury (with attitudes ranging between polite condescendence and overt denial), it can be said that the controversy has been now largely resolved, and that the death of cardiomyocytes during reperfusion is now generally admitted as a fact. Perhaps this agreement is still more firm in the experimental literature than in clinical cardiology. The discovery of the phenomenon of postconditioning [1] has undoubtedly contributed to this change of opinion. The first reports of postconditioning the human heart by Laskey et al. and Ovize et al. certainly support the concept of reperfusion injury as a clinical entity that can be measured even in a small group of patients [2,3]. The report by Zhao et al. [1] has aroused a renewed interest in the mechanisms of cell death during ischemia–reperfusion, and of endogenous protection against it [4]. Postconditioning is as powerful as preconditioning and has the potential of being clinically applicable in the most common situation of unexpected coronary occlusion and acute myocardial infarction [3]. Yet, the mechanisms by which postconditioning limits reperfusion-induced cell death and the relationship between the mechanisms in preand postconditioning are far from being completely understood. The present Spotlight Issue presents a series of review articles with the aim of providing an up-to-date overview of the state of the art in the rapidly moving field of research on endogenous protection against myocardial cell death secondary to ischemia–reperfusion. The reason for the resurrection of this field of research is that it is necessary to gain an adequate understanding of the
منابع مشابه
Effects of Postconditioning, Preconditioning and Perfusion of L-carnitine During Whole Period of Ischemia/ Reperfusion on Cardiac Hemodynamic Functions and Myocardial Infarction Size in Isolated Rat Heart
متن کامل
Pathophysiology of Ischemia/Reperfusion-induced Myocardial Injury: What We Have Learned From Preconditioning and Postconditioning?
Organ damage after reperfusion of previously viable ischemic tissues is defined as ischemia/reperfusion injury. The pathophysiology of ischemia/reperfusion injury involves cellular effect of ischemia, reactive oxygen species and inflammatory cascade. Protection against ischemia/reperfusion injury may be achieved by preconditioning or postconditioning. In this review, we discuss basic mechan...
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Transient forebrain or global ischemia induces neuronal death in vulnerable CA1 pyramidal cells with many features. A brief period of ischemia, i.e., ischemic preconditioning, or a modified reperfusion such as ischemic postconditioning, can afford robust protection of CA1 neurons against ischemic challenge. Therefore, we investigated the effect of ischemic preconditioning and postconditioning o...
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The author reviews the protective effects of ischemic postconditioning, a recently emerging strategy with broad implications in the search for new treatments in stroke and myocardial ischemic injury. Ischemic postconditioning, which refers to a series of brief ischemia and reperfusion cycles applied immediately at the site of the ischemic organ after reperfusion, results in reduced infarction i...
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عنوان ژورنال:
- Cardiovascular research
دوره 70 2 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2006